In the States, employers can ask but these questions (all voluntary)
Equal Employment Opportunities Information
Q1. Sex
No Response
Male
Female
Q2. Race
No Response
Caucasian -- (Not of Hispanic origin) All persons having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe or the Middle East.
Black or African American -- (Not of Hispanic origin) All persons having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa.
Asian/Pacific Islander -- All persons having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, South east Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa.
Hispanic -- All persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish or Latino culture or origin, regardless of race.
Native American -- All persons having origins in any of the original peoples of North America, and who maintain cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition.
Q3. Veteran
No Response
WWII Veteran: Veterans whose any part of their active military, naval, or air service was during WWII.</li><li>Vietnam Era Veteran: Veterans whose any part of their active military, naval, or air service was during the Vietnam Era (i.e. performed between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975) who (1) served on active duty for a period of more than 180 days and was discharged or released therefrom with other than Dishonorable Discharge, or 2) was discharged or released from active duty for a service-connected disability.
Korean War Veteran: Veterans whose any part of their active military, naval, or air service was during the Korean War.
Non-Veteran
We've a long way to go to approach equality.