Directors are not GENERALLY responsible for the debts of the company.
Sections 297 and 297A of the 1990 Companies Act.
Section 297A provides that specified persons are to be personally responsible without limitation of liability for all or part of a company’s debts or liabilities in defined circumstances.
Section 297 can arise anytime in solvent or insolvent companies imposing criminal liability on persons found guilty of fraudulent trading. Before the 1990 Act personal liability for the debts of a company could only be imposed on directors where fraud was proven.
If in the course of winding up or examinership, or if the court makes an order pursuant to section 251 of the Companies Act 1990, it appears that an officer was knowingly a party to the carrying on of the business of the company in a reckless manner or any person was knowingly a party to the carrying on of the business of the company with the intent to defraud the creditors of the company or the creditors of any other person or for any fraudulent purpose, then that officer or person may be held personally liable for the debts of the company.
An officer will be regarded as being knowingly party to such conduct, if; having regard to the general knowledge, skill and experience he might be expected to have, he ought to have known that his actions or the company’s actions would cause loss to the creditors or if he was party to the contracting of a debt and did not honestly believe on reasonable grounds that the company would be able to pay the debt when it fell due along with its other debts.
If a company fails to keep proper books of account and the failure is regarded by the court as having contributed to its inability to pay its debts or as having resulted in substantial uncertainty as to the assets and liabilities of the company or as having impeded the winding up then officers and former officers responsible for the default maybe made personally liable for the company’s debts. Need not be on a winding up. When an application is made in respect of alleged reckless trading, the order can only be made where the company is deemed to be unable to pay its debts.